Tempering-press.



PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

M. SKLOVSKY.

TEMPERING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19, 1905.

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No. 825,769. PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

M. SKLOVSKY.

TEMPERING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19, 1905.

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4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 PATENTED JULY 10, 1906 M. SKI ,OVSKY.

TEMPERING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 19, 1905.

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M. SKLOVSKY.

TEMPERING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED my 1a. 1905.

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MAX SKLOVSKY, OF MOLINE, ILLINOIS, ASSIG NOR TO DEERE & COM

PANY, OF MOLINE, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

TEMPERlNG-PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10, 1906.

Application filed May 19,1905. Serial No. 261.271.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX SKLovsKY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Moline, in the county of Rock Island and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in TemperingPresses and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to tempering-presses, and particularly to a machine for holding steel forgings, such as plowshares and moldboards, to prevent them from springing while cooling after having been tempered. In explanation of its function it may be said that in the process of tempering plowshares and moldboards after plunging these articles into the tempering solution to acquire the proper hardness they are subsequently allowed to cool in water having an ordinary temperature of to During this cooling process' the hardened parts, unless clamped absolutely to a proper position,are very apt to spring and warp out of true, so that it is impossible for them to be used in the finished implement. In such cases the temper has to be drawn out entirely by reheating the part and a new temper installed by a subsequent operation. This is expen sive and results sometimes in the loss of arts, and always, without an apparatusto ta e the )lace of the present machine, great irregularity in finish is occasioned.

Prior to mg invention the cooling was imperfectly done by clamping the tempered parts in hand-pincers and then by manual labor holding the parts underwater during the cooling process. This involved an additional man in the tempering operation, so that each tempering operator was obliged to have a helper. The present machine does away with the tempering assistant and acts automatically and produces perfect results, all of which were impossible under the old method. In this machine the metal part to be tempered is first rigidly clamped and then lowered into the cooling-vat or water-tank. After cooling, the clamping apparatus is raised from the tank and thepart is unclainped and taken out in perfect shape and condition.

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, illustrate one preferred form of embodiment of my invention, which, however, is capable of embodiment in other forms and susceptible of various modifications in details of construction and arrangement of parts. Without restricting myself therefore to the speciiic construction illustrated the invention will hereinafter be fully described with reference to said drawings and then particularly pointed out and defined in the claims following this description.

In-said drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine with parts in central vertical sectionl This view shows the clamping apparatus in its position before clam ing and holding the plowshare, moldboard or other tempered article which is to be immersed in the cooling liquid. Fig. 2 is also a front elevation, showing the clamping apparatus in its position when clamping the metal part and holding it under water. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of the machine, taken transverselyto Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4is a fragmentary view showing in enlarged central vertical section the upper portion ofthe vertically -movable frame which carries the clamping mechanism, together with the integral parts of such frame. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the plunger in the upper piston. Fig. 6 is a central vertical section of the ram or plunger for forcing down the upper die or clamp member to clamp the metal part to be immersed between it and the lower die or clamp member. Fig. 7 is a horizontal crosssection on line A A of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is an enlarged transverse section through the valve and valve-casin and housing of the latter. Figs. 9, 10, an 11 are transverse sections through the valve and valve-casing, showing successive different positions of the valve. Fig. 12 is a horizontal section through the valve and valve-casing. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the valve-casing with a cornersegment thereof broken away to more clearly disclose the construction. Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the valve. Figs. 15 and 16 are transverse sections through the valve, taken, respectively, through the main port and through one of the byasses.

It is understood that the mac ine sets in a water-tank, which is represented in sectionin Figs. 1 and 2 and is indicated by the letterA.

B designates the base of the machine, resting on the bottom of the tank. Rising from yoke supports the sheave-pulleys E, of which E eight are shown, four at each side of the yoke.

A rectangular frame F is arranged to slide ug and down'upon the 1posts or uprights C C. T is frame carries Wit it the clamp or coacting dies for holding the metal forging and all the accompanying clamping mechanism. The lower part or cross-beam of said frame F supports the lower die or clamp member. The co'acting upper die or presser is carried by the plate V, which is attached to the foot of the ram, to be described hereinafter. From the up er part of said frame F and rigid therewit a cylinder G extends upward. Said cylinder is sleeved on a stationary plunger H, which depends medially from the yoke D, to which it is rigidly attached. Cylinder G is equipped with the sheave-pulleys I, of which two are shown, at opposite sides of said cylinder and dis osed at right angles to the sheave-pulleys The vertically-movable frame F, with the clamping apparatus carried thereby, is sup orted by the counterweights J J, which ikewise slide up and down upon the standardsC C. Said counterweights are connected with said frame F by suitable cables or chains K K, which have their ends attached to the respective weights and pass over the pulleys E E and under the pulleys I at opposite sides of the central piston G. The arrangement is such that the frame F is practically a little more than counterbalanced by the weights J J. The apparatus as thus balanced would by the operation of said counterweights always hold the framework F in its uppermost position, as shown in Fig. 1, unless acted upon by other forces.

L L are springs above and below thecounterweights to act as cushions for these weights in their up and down travel.

The lower end of the cylinder G being closed, (except for an air-inlet port,) it is evident that if compressed air'or other motive fluid be allowed to enter said cylinder under its plunger H the entire rectangular frame F,

with the clamping mechanism carried thereby, would be forced downward into the wa ter-tank A, lifting the counterweights J, so

that the whole apparatus would occupy the position shown in Fig. 2. Exhausting the air from said cylinder G would permit the counterweights to automatically lift the frame out of the tank and restore the apparatus to the position shown in Fig. 1.

M M denote -arms or brackets depending rigidly from the upper cross-beam or yoke of the frame F. These are shown connected at their lower ends by the cross-bolt Np As shown in Fig. 7, said brackets are shaped on their inner sides as guides for the upandl down motion of the ram P. The center of the upper yoke or cross-piece of the frame F is fashioned in the shape of ahollow cylinder, open at its lower end and closed at its top end, (except for an air-inlet port.) This cylinder is denoted by the letter O.

The ram or plunger P works up and down in cylinder 0. As shown, this ram is composed of several partsthe plunger proper, (marked P,) to the foot of which is attached the die-block V; a brass cap Q, which serves as a packing; a top packing ring or disk R, and a secondary cylinder S, rigid with P and closed at its upper end. The plunger P is shown of cylindrical form, extending below cylinder 0, and opposite vertical slots T are provided therein to accommodate the crossbolt N and allow free u -and-down play of the ram as propelled bythe action of the air or motive fluid. The ram is forced downward "to depress the die-block V and securely clamp the article to be cooled between the dies by admitting air into the cylinder 0 above the plunger P or its packing R.

U denotes aplunger, shown supported on the cross-bolt N, being thus rigidly connected with the frame F through its upper cross-piece. The secondary cylinder S is sleeved on said plunger U and slides up and down thereon. Said cylinder S is in commucompressed air or motive fluid. W denotes the air-supply pipe therefor, shown attached to the plunger U, which has a bore or chamber in communication. with the cylinder. The diameter of the cylinder S is relatively small-say three inches in a machine where the diameter of the cylinder 0 is about ten inches. The area of the larger cylinder is therefore nine or ten times as great as that of the smaller cylinder. is admitted into both cylinders the pressure in the cylinder S and force the ram P down, driving the air out of the cylinder S and back into the supplypipe. When, however, the air is exhausted from the cylinder O, the pressure in the cylinder S is sufficient to raise pered. ways allowed to be on in the cylinder S, so that normally the ram P and its die-block V are held in their uppermost position.

X is a compound valve, shown located at the juncture of cylinders G and O for controllin the admission'and exhaust of compressed air to and from said cylinders. This valve turns in its valve-casing X and may be provided with a handle X for operating it. Y denotes the supply of air to the valve, and Z denotes the exhaust therefrom.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The plowsharo, moldboard, or other article to be tempered is placed on the lower die carried by the lower crosspiece of the in the cylinder 0 will overcome the pressure nication above its plunger with the source of Hence when the air the ram, and thus unclamp the part to be tein- In practice the compressed air is alframe F. The compressed air or other motive fluid is then turned into the'cylinder O, which forces down the ram P with the coacting upper die and clamps the article into place. The air is then turned into the cylinder G, and the entire framework F is lowered into the Water-vat. When the article has properly cooled, then the air is exhausted from both cylinders G and 0. As the frame F rises by operation of the counterweights J the pressure of the air in the cylinder S lifts the ram or plunger P, and as the clamping apparatus reaches the surface of the water the part is unclamped and free to be taken out and another part substituted.

The construction and operation of the valve X will be apparent from Figs. 8 to 16. The supply and exhaust openin s Y and Z of the valve-casing are oppositely so are the openings :1: and :c to the cylinders G and 0, respectively, said openings 0:: and as being midway between Y and Z. The valve X has a main port x adapted to connect any two adjacent openings, as Y x, a: Z, Z 1:, or at Y, according to the successive positions to which the valve is turned. The openings at and w are directly opposite; but one is extended lengthwise in one direction and the other extended lengthwise in the opposite direction. The valve 00 is also provided with by-passes x and {124 at opposite sides of its main port 90 In the operation of the valve it is first turned to the position shown in Fig. 8, so that its port 00 connects Y and a5 to permit the compressed air to enter the cylinder 0, thus forcing the ram or plunger P downward and clamping the article to be tempered between the dies. The next turn to the right brings the valve to the position shown in Fig. 9, so that its port 01: connects Y and 11;, permitting the air to enter the cylinder G. This forces the frame F with its clamping apparatus down to the water-tank. In this position, however, the pressure by-pass 1: still connects -with Y and so, so that air is still admitted into the cylinder 0 to counteract any leakage which might take place, and in effect the air-pressure is then both upon the cylinders and O. The next turn to the 'right brings the valve to the position shown in Fig. 10, so that its port 23 connects wand Z, thus exhausting the air from the cylinder G. The last turn to the right brings the valve to the position shown in Fig. 11, so that its port 00 connects Z and 0;, thus exhausting the cylinder 0. In the latter position the exhaust bypasse: connects 2c and Z, so that the entire air-pressure will be removed and no opposi tion encountered to the movement of the ports in travel, as previously explained.

As before stated, the illustrated machine is susceptible of various modifications and details of construction and arrangement, and the invention may be embodied other disposed, and

and down on said standards, a lower dieholder or clamp member carried by said frame, a vertically-disposed cylinder above said lower die-holder also carried by said frame, a plunger working in said cylinder, an upper die-holder or clamp member cooperative with the lower one attached ato and operated by said plunger, an upper cylinder extending vertically upward from the first or lower cylinder and rigid therewith, a stationary plunger in said upper cylinder, means for admitting motive fluid to the lower cylinder above its plunger for depressing the upper die-holder, and means for admitting motive fluid to the upper cylinder below its plunger for depressing the frame.

2. A press having, in combination, a carriage having two cylinders arranged in tandem, said cylinders being closed at adjacent ends, a relatively fixed plunger in one cylinder, a movable plunger working in the other cylinder, a die-holder operated by said movable plunger, a cooperative die-holder carried by the carriage, and-means for admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from the cylinders between their closed ends and their respective plungers.

3. A press having, in combination, a carriage having two cylinders arranged in tandem, said cylinders being closed at adjacent ends, a relatively fixed plunger in one cylinder, a movable plunger working in the other cylinder, a die-holder operated by said movable plunger, and means for automatically returning the carriage and retracting the movable die-holder while exhausting the motive fluid from the cylinders.

4. A press having, in combination, a vertically-movable frame or carriage, a lower die-holder or clamp member carried-thereby, a vertically-disposed cylinder above said dieholder also carried by said frame, a movable plunger working in. said cylinder, an upper die-holder or clamp member attached to and operated by said plunger and cooperative with the lower die -holder, a secondary. smaller cylinder rigid with said plunger, a plunger fixed to the frame or carriage-andinserted in the said secondary cylinder, said.

secondary cylinder being in communication wit-h a source of motive-fluid supply, a cylinder extending vertically upward from the main cylinder and rigid therewith, a stationary plunger in said last-mentioned cylinder, a counter weight or weights adapted to more than counterbalance the frame or carriage and parts carried thereby,,means for admitting motive fluid to the main cylinder above its plunger to depress the upper die-holder, means for admitting motive fluid to the top cylinder below its plunger to depress the frame or carriage, and means for exhausting such motive fluid from both cylinders.

5. A press having, in combination, a stationary plunger, a movable cylinderthereon, a second cylinder carried by the first, a movable plunger in the latter, a presser operated by said movable plunger, and means for ad mitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from the respective cylinders.

6. A press having, in combination, a vertically-movable carriage, coacting die-holders or clamp members carried thereby, means for operating said die-holders, a cylinder and plunger therein for lowering said carriage, means for admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from said cylinder, arid amechanical counteracting device adapted to raise the carriage when the motive fluid is withdrawn" from the cylinder.

7. A press having, in combination, upright standards, a frame or carriage arranged to move up and down on. said standards, counterweights also movable up and down on said standards and connected to said carriage by chains or cables passing over elevated pulleys, a cylinder and plunger for lowering said carriage, coacting dieholders or clamp members carried by said carriage, and means for operating said die-holders.

- 8. A press having, in combination, a vertically-movable carriage having a lower dieholder or clamp member and a cylinder above the same, a plunger in said cylinder carrying a coacting upper die-holder, means for admitting motive fluid to said cylinder to depress the upper die-holder, and means for lowering the carriage into a subj acent bath to submerge the article clamped by the die-holder.

9. A press having, in combination, a cylinder and lunger therein, a presser or die-holder operate .by said plunger, means for admitting and exhausting motive fluid to andfrom said cylinder, a secondary smaller cylinder rigid with said plunger, and a relatively fixed plunger fitted therein, the said secondary cylinder being in constant communication with the source of motive-fluid supply.

- 10. In a press, the combination of a car-' riage-having two cylinders arranged in tandem, a relatively-fixed plunger in one cylinder, a movable plunger working in the other cylinder and a die-holder or presser operated thereby, a valve-casing dividing the two cylinders and closing their adjacent ends, and a valve therein and suitable ports for admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from the respective cylinders. Q

11. In a press, the combination of a carriage having two cylinders arranged in tandem, a relatively fixed plunger in one cylinder, a movable plunger working in the other cylinder and a die-holder or presser operated thereby, a valve-casing dividing the two cyl inders and closing their adjacent ends, said valve-casing having opposite inlet and out let ports, and intermediate oppositely-disposed ports leading to the respective cylinders, and a rotary valve in said casing having a two-way port adapted to establish conimunication with successive adjacent pairs of ports in the casing, and having by-passes for pressure and exhaust, substantially as described.

12. A tempering-press having, in combination, a compound cylinder with separate chambers, means for admitting motive fluid successively to said chambers, and clamping apparatus operated by admission of fluid to one chamber, a liquid vat or tank, and means for moving said clamping apparatus into said vat operated by admission of fluid into the other chamber. I

13. A tempering-press having, in combination, a compound cylinder with separate chambers, means for admitting motive fluid successively to said chambers, and clamping apparatus operated by admission of fluid to one chamber, a liquid vat or tank, and means for moving said clamping apparatus into said vat operated by admission of fluid into the other chamber, and means for automatically removing the clamping apparatus and unclamping the same upon exhaustion of fluid.

14. A tempering-press having, in combination, a liquid tank or vat, a frame rising therefrom, a carriage supported by said frame adapted to be raised and lowered, said carriage having a compound cylinder and clamping apparatus, and means for admittingmotive fluid successively to respective chambers of said cylinder thereby operating the clamping apparatus and lowering the carriage into the vat.

15. A tempering-press having, in combination, a liquid tank or vat, a clamping apparatus, a cylinder and piston for operating said clamping apparatus by motive fluid, means for submerging the clamping apparatus in the tank and for withdrawing it therefrom, and a cylinder and piston for operating said means by motive fluid, the clamping apparatus being movable into the tank while under operation by its piston for exerting a clamping action.

16. A tempering-press having, in combination, a liquid tank or vat, a clamping apparatus suspended above the same, a suspended .weightor weights connected with said ap-- paratus and adapted to hold the same in elevated position, and a cylinder and piston for lowering said apparatus into said tank.

17. A press having, in combination, a carriage, a clamping apparatus carried thereby, means for operating the same to clamp an article, a liquid tank or vat, means for moving the carriage to submerge the article while clamped, means for withdrawing the car-.

riage, and automatic means for unclamping the article when the carriage is withdrawn.

18. Apress having, in'combination, a movable clamping apparatus, and two associated working cylinders and plungers, the clamping apparatus being carried by one cylinder and operated by admission of motive fluid thereto, and said cylinder bein operated to move the clampin apparatus by admission of motive fluid to t e other cylinder.

19. A press having, in combination, two associated working 0 linders, a plunger in one cylinder operated by admission of motive fluid thereto and a presser operated by saidplunger, and said cylinder being movable and operated to move together with the plunger by admission of motive fluid to the other cylinder.

20. A press having, in combination, a cylinder and plunger therein, a resser operated by said plunger, means for ad hausting motive fluid to and from said cylinder, a secondary smaller cylinder and plunger Within the first-mentioned cylinder, one of said secondary parts being connected to the first or main cylinder and the other to the first or main plunger, and said secondary cylinder being in communication v with the source of motive-fluid supply, whereby the presser is automatically returned when the motive fluid is exhausted from the main cylinder.

In testimony whereof I aff x in presence of two witnesses.

MAX SKLOVSKY.

my signature Witnesses:

CHAS. H. POPE, ROMEO R. OWENS.

2O mitting and ex- 

